Iibhola yempumloI-mushroom yifungus enomdla kwaye eyahlukeneyo enokufumaneka kwiindawo zokuhlala ezahlukeneyo kwihlabathi jikelele. La makhowa akhethekileyo aziwa ngokumila kwawo okungqukuva okuhlukileyo kunye nokuthambileyo, ukuthungwa kwe-spongy. Ngelixa iintlobo ezininzi ze-puff ball mushrooms zityiwa kwaye zithathwa njengento emnandi kwezinye iinkcubeko, ayingawo onke amakhowa ebhola akhuselekile ukuba angatyiwa. Enyanisweni, ezinye izinto eziphilayo zinokuba yingozi okanye zide zibulale xa zityiwe. Oku kuphakamisa umbuzo obalulekileyo: Ngaba onke amakhowa ebhola ekhatywayo ayatyiwa?
Ukuze uphendule lo mbuzo, kuyimfuneko ukuqonda iimpawu ze-puff ball mushroom kunye nendlela yokwahlula okudliwayo kumakhowa anetyhefu. I-Puff ball mushrooms yosapho lwe-Oleaceae kwaye ibonakaliswe ngemizimba yazo engqukuva, evelisa iziqhamo. La makhowa awanazo iigill njengezinye iintlobo ezininzi zamakhowa; endaweni yoko, bavelisa i-spores ngaphakathi kwaye bakhulule ngokuvuleka okuncinci phezulu kwe-mushroom. Amakhowa ebhola ekhatywayo aza kubukhulu obahlukeneyo, ukusuka kwisampulu encinci yebhastile ukuya kwisampulu enkulu yebhola ekhatywayo.
Enye yezinto eziphambili ezimisela ukulungeleka kwe-puff ball mushroom yinqanaba labo lophuhliso. Amakhowa ebhola ekhatywayo akhuselekile xa esemancinci kwaye engekavuthwa. Noko ke, njengoko zikhula, ezinye izilwanyana zisenokungatyiwa okanye zibe netyhefu. Ukuchonga amanqanaba ahlukeneyo ophuhliso lwe-puff ball mushroom kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukutya okukhuselekileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa.
Amakhowa e-puffball atyiwayo, afana namakhowa e-puffball aqhelekileyo (i-Lycoperdon perlatum) kunye namakhowa amakhulu e-puffball (i-Calvatia gigantea), axatyiswe ngencasa yawo ethambileyo, yomhlaba kunye nezinto ezininzi ezisetyenziswa ekuphekeni. Ezi ntlobo zikholisa ukuba mhlophe xa ziselula kwaye zibenomzimba oqinileyo omhlophe. Zivunwa kakuhle xa inyama isemhlophe qwa kwaye nangaphakathi ingenazimpawu zokubola. Amakhowa ebhola ekhatywayo anokunqunyulwa, agcadwe, agcadiswe okanye asetyenziswe kwisuphu kunye nesityu, nto leyo eyenze ukuba ibe lukhetho oludumileyo phakathi kwabathandi bokutya kwasendle kunye nabapheki.
Kwelinye icala, amanye amakhowa awakhuselekanga ukuba angatyiwa. Ezinye iintlobo ezinobuthi, ezifana nesnuffbox kasathana (Lycoperdon nigrescens) kunye ne-gem-encrusted puffball (Lycoperdon perlatum), zinokufana neepuffball ezityiwayo kumanqanaba azo okuqala. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko zikhula, ezi ntlobo zikhula zimnyama, i-spore yombona ngaphakathi, uphawu olucacileyo lokuba azityiwa. Ukutya la makhowa anetyhefu anokubangela ukuphazamiseka kwesisu kunye nezinye iingxaki ezinzulu zempilo.
Ukwenza izinto zibe nzima ngakumbi, kukwakho neentlobo ezikhangeleka ngendlela efanayo ezinokuthi ziphazanyiswe ngamakhowa ebhola ekhatywayo etyiwayo. Omnye umzekelo yi-earth ball mushroom (Scleroderma citrinum), ekhangeleka ifana nebhola kodwa inetyhefu yaye ayifanele ityiwe. Kubalulekile ukuba iifora kunye nabathandi bamakhowa bakwazi ukuchonga ngokuchanekileyo amakhowa ebhola ekhatywayo kwaye bawahlule kwiintlobo ezifanayo ezinokuba yingozi.
Xa uthandabuza, kungcono ukudibana ne-mycologist enamava okanye ingcali ye-mushroom ngaphambi kokutya nawaphi na amakhowa asendle, kuquka iibhola ze-puff. Ukuchongwa nokuqondwa ngokufanelekileyo kweentlobo zamakhowa asekuhlaleni kubalulekile ekufuneni ukutya okukhuselekileyo nokonwatyelwa kwezinto ezityiwayo zasendle.
Ngamafutshane, ayingawo onke amakhowa ebhola anokutyiwa. Ngelixa ezinye iintlobo zixabiswa ngexabiso lazo lokupheka kwaye zikhuselekile ukuba zityiwe, ezinye zinokuba yingozi kwaye zibeke umngcipheko kwimpilo yabantu. Xa ukhangele amakhowa ebhola e-fluffy, okanye nayiphi na i-mushroom yasendle, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa isilumkiso kunye nokuchonga okufanelekileyo. Ngolwazi oluchanekileyo kunye nesikhokelo, abantu abanomdla banokonwabela ngokukhuselekileyo incasa eyodwa kunye nokuthungwa ukuba ukutya i-puff ball mushroom kufuneka kunikeze.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-11-2024